Forage et complétion de puits

Set Back

Remise en Place : Une Étape Essentielle du Forage et de l'Achèvement du Puits

Dans le monde du forage pétrolier et gazier, la "remise en place" fait référence à une opération cruciale qui consiste à retirer les tubages et à les stocker soigneusement sur les racks verticaux du derrick. Bien que cette manœuvre puisse paraître simple, elle nécessite une planification et une exécution méticuleuses, impactant l'achèvement du puits et l'efficacité globale.

Comprendre le Processus de Remise en Place :

  1. Extraction du Tubage : Le processus commence par l'extraction contrôlée des colonnes de tubage du puits. Cela implique de détacher le tubage de l'équipement en fond de trou, en utilisant des outils et des techniques spécialisés pour soulever en toute sécurité la colonne de tubage jusqu'à la surface.

  2. Mise en Place : Une fois le tubage sur le plancher du derrick, il est soigneusement inspecté pour détecter tout dommage ou usure. Il est ensuite soigneusement disposé dans des zones de "mise en place" désignées. Il s'agit généralement de racks verticaux sur le derrick, conçus pour stocker le tubage en toute sécurité de manière bien organisée.

Pourquoi la Remise en Place est Importante :

  • Sécurité : La manipulation et le stockage méticuleux des colonnes de tubage lors de la remise en place sont essentiels pour garantir la sécurité du personnel et du matériel du derrick.

  • Efficacité : Une opération de remise en place bien organisée rationalise les opérations ultérieures telles que l'installation de nouvelles colonnes de tubage ou la réalisation de travaux en fond de trou.

  • Réduction des Coûts : La minimisation des temps d'arrêt pendant la remise en place, la prévention des dommages aux tubages et l'évitement de retards potentiels lors des opérations ultérieures contribuent à la rentabilité.

Types de Remise en Place :

  • Remise en Place à Chaîne Unique : Implique la mise en place et le stockage d'une seule colonne de tubage, généralement utilisée pour les opérations de petite taille.

  • Remise en Place à Plusieurs Chaînes : Gère plusieurs chaînes simultanément, souvent employée pour des achevements de puits complexes impliquant plusieurs couches de tubage.

Défis et Considérations :

  • Poids du Tubage : Le poids des colonnes de tubage peut constituer un défi important lors du processus de levage et de stockage, nécessitant un équipement de levage approprié et du personnel expérimenté.

  • Contraintes d'Espace : L'espace limité sur le plancher du derrick nécessite une planification minutieuse et une organisation efficace du tubage pendant la remise en place.

  • Conditions Environnementales : Les conditions météorologiques, en particulier le vent et la pluie, peuvent affecter la sécurité et l'efficacité des opérations de remise en place.

Conclusion :

La remise en place est une partie intégrante du forage et de l'achèvement des puits, nécessitant de la précision et une planification minutieuse. Elle garantit une manipulation sûre du tubage, rationalise les opérations ultérieures et contribue à l'efficacité globale du processus de développement du puits. En comprenant les complexités et les défis de cette opération cruciale, les exploitants peuvent minimiser les risques, optimiser les performances et maximiser le succès de leurs projets.


Test Your Knowledge

Quiz: Set Back in Drilling & Well Completion

Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. What is the primary purpose of the "set back" operation in drilling and well completion?

a) To connect tubing strings to the downhole equipment. b) To inspect and store tubing strings after they've been pulled from the wellbore. c) To run new tubing strings into the wellbore. d) To perform hydraulic fracturing operations.

Answer

b) To inspect and store tubing strings after they've been pulled from the wellbore.

2. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a well-organized set back operation?

a) Improved safety for rig personnel and equipment. b) Increased efficiency of subsequent operations. c) Reduced cost due to minimized downtime. d) Increased production rates of the well.

Answer

d) Increased production rates of the well.

3. What is the key difference between a single string set back and a multiple string set back?

a) Single string set back is used for complex well completions. b) Multiple string set back is used for smaller operations. c) Single string set back involves pulling and storing only one tubing string. d) Multiple string set back involves pulling and storing tubing strings of different sizes.

Answer

c) Single string set back involves pulling and storing only one tubing string.

4. Which of the following is a significant challenge that can be encountered during the set back process?

a) The weight of the tubing strings. b) The size of the wellbore. c) The type of drilling fluid used. d) The distance between the rig and the wellhead.

Answer

a) The weight of the tubing strings.

5. What role do environmental conditions play in a set back operation?

a) Environmental conditions have no impact on the set back process. b) Environmental conditions can affect the safety and efficiency of the operation. c) Environmental conditions are only a concern for multiple string set backs. d) Environmental conditions only affect the type of tubing used.

Answer

b) Environmental conditions can affect the safety and efficiency of the operation.

Exercise: Planning a Set Back Operation

Scenario: You are the drilling engineer responsible for planning a set back operation for a well that has just finished drilling. The well has two tubing strings (string A and string B) that need to be pulled and stored.

Task: Develop a simple plan for the set back operation, considering the following:

  • Tubing weight: String A weighs 10,000 lbs and string B weighs 5,000 lbs.
  • Space constraints: The rig floor is limited to 100 square feet of available space for storing the tubing.
  • Environmental conditions: The weather forecast predicts light rain and strong winds.

Include in your plan:

  • Steps: List the steps you would take during the set back operation.
  • Equipment: What type of lifting equipment will you need?
  • Safety considerations: What precautions will you take to ensure the safety of personnel and equipment?
  • Contingency plan: What will you do if the wind picks up and makes the operation unsafe?

Exercice Correction

**Set Back Operation Plan:** **Steps:** 1. **Pre-set back preparation:** Ensure the rig floor is clear, and the tubing racks are ready for storage. 2. **Pull up tubing strings:** Begin with string B, as it is lighter. Carefully pull it up using the drilling rig's hoist, ensuring a controlled and slow ascent. Inspect the string for any damage or wear. 3. **Store string B:** Carefully lay the string B on the designated rack, ensuring it is properly secured and does not obstruct any walkways or equipment. 4. **Pull up string A:** Repeat the pull-up and inspection process for string A, ensuring the weight is handled safely and efficiently. 5. **Store string A:** Store string A on the tubing rack, being mindful of the space constraints and potential for the combined weight of both strings. 6. **Post-set back inspection:** Ensure all equipment used is in good working order and that the stored tubing is properly secured. **Equipment:** * Drilling rig's hoist with adequate lifting capacity for both strings. * Tubing racks with sufficient capacity to store both strings. * Safety harnesses and lines for personnel working around the tubing. **Safety Considerations:** * Ensure all personnel involved in the operation are properly trained and wear the necessary safety gear. * Use proper lifting techniques and ensure the hoist has the necessary load capacity. * Implement safe work practices, such as maintaining clear walkways and providing adequate lighting. * Have a dedicated safety observer monitoring the operation. **Contingency Plan:** * If the wind picks up and poses a safety hazard, stop the set back operation immediately. * Secure the partially pulled tubing string back down the wellbore, preventing it from swaying and potentially causing damage. * Wait for the wind to subside to a safe level before resuming operations. * Consider using additional wind barriers or reducing the size of the tubing being handled at a time. **Note:** This plan is a basic framework. You would need to adjust it based on the specific details of the well, rig, and weather conditions.


Books

  • "Petroleum Engineering Handbook" by Tarek Ahmed: This comprehensive handbook covers all aspects of petroleum engineering, including drilling and well completion, making it a valuable resource for understanding set back.
  • "Drilling Engineering: Principles and Practices" by John A. Lee: This book provides a detailed explanation of drilling operations, including the set back process.
  • "Well Completion Design: A Practical Approach" by David L. Hewitt: This book focuses specifically on well completion design and covers various aspects of tubing handling, including set back.

Articles

  • "Set Back Operations: A Crucial Step in Well Completion" by [Author Name]: Search for articles specifically addressing set back operations in industry journals such as the Journal of Petroleum Technology (JPT), SPE Drilling & Completion, and World Oil.
  • "Safe and Efficient Tubing Handling: A Case Study" by [Author Name]: Look for articles discussing best practices and safety considerations for tubing handling during set back.
  • "Challenges and Solutions in Well Completion" by [Author Name]: Articles discussing challenges in well completion often touch upon set back procedures.

Online Resources

  • Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE): The SPE website (spe.org) offers a vast repository of technical articles, papers, and resources related to oil and gas drilling and well completion, including set back operations.
  • Petroleum Equipment & Services Association (PESA): PESA's website (pesa.org) provides information on drilling equipment and services, including companies that specialize in tubing handling and set back operations.
  • Drillinginfo: This online platform provides data and insights into the oil and gas industry, including detailed information on drilling and completion activities, potentially including set back procedures.

Search Tips

  • Use specific keywords: Use combinations like "set back tubing," "tubing handling in drilling," "well completion set back procedures."
  • Combine keywords with industry terms: Include terms like "oil and gas," "drilling," "well completion," "production," "tubing string," etc.
  • Use quotation marks: Enclosing a phrase in quotation marks ("set back operation") ensures Google finds exact matches.
  • Use "site:" operator: Add "site:spe.org" or "site:pesa.org" to search specifically within the websites mentioned above.

Techniques

Termes similaires
Gestion de l'intégrité des actifs
  • Assets Les actifs dans le secteur pé…
Termes techniques généraux
  • Assets Comprendre les actifs dans l'…
  • Back Reamer Alésage arrière : Exploiter l…
Forage et complétion de puitsSystèmes de gestion HSE
  • Backbite Morsure Inverse : Une Menace …
Gestion des contrats et du périmètreTraitement du pétrole et du gazIngénierie des réservoirsFormation et sensibilisation à la sécuritéIngénierie de la tuyauterie et des pipelinesConditions spécifiques au pétrole et au gazIngénierie d'instrumentation et de contrôle
Les plus regardés
Categories

Comments


No Comments
POST COMMENT
captcha
Back