Forage et complétion de puits

slip-and-cutoff program

Programme de glisse et de découpe : Maximiser la longévité de la ligne de forage

Dans le monde exigeant du forage et de la complétion de puits, le maintien de l'intégrité de la ligne de forage est primordial. La ligne de forage, un élément essentiel pour le levage et l'abaissement des équipements, est soumise à une usure importante pendant les opérations. Pour garantir des performances optimales et prolonger sa durée de vie, une pratique bien établie appelée programme de glisse et de découpe est mise en œuvre.

Comprendre le concept

Le programme de glisse et de découpe est une stratégie de maintenance préventive conçue pour répartir l'usure uniformément sur toute la ligne de forage. Cela est réalisé en glissant périodiquement la ligne, un processus qui implique :

  1. Suspension du palan voyageur : Le palan voyageur est soit hissé dans le derrick, soit calé sur le plancher du chantier, ce qui stoppe efficacement son mouvement.

  2. Desserrage des boulons d'ancrage de la ligne morte : Ces boulons fixent la ligne au tambour du treuil, permettant le relâchement et le rembobinage contrôlés de la ligne.

  3. Rembobinage de la ligne : La ligne est rembobinée sur le tambour du treuil, ce qui garantit que les sections usées sont repositionnées.

Pourquoi la glisse et la découpe ?

Les lignes de forage sont sujettes à une usure concentrée dans des zones spécifiques, principalement là où elles passent à travers les poulies et autres composants de guidage. Sans intervention, ces zones à forte usure s'affaiblissent et finissent par céder, compromettant la sécurité et l'efficacité des opérations de forage.

Le programme de glisse et de découpe répond à ce problème en déplaçant stratégiquement la position de la ligne, assurant une répartition uniforme de l'usure sur toute la longueur. Cette approche prolonge la durée de vie de la ligne et minimise le risque de panne catastrophique.

Découpe et élimination

Le nom du programme, "glisse et découpe", fait référence à la dernière étape : la découpe de la section usée de la ligne. Ceci est nécessaire pour empêcher l'accumulation excessive de ligne sur le tambour du treuil, ce qui pourrait entraîner des problèmes opérationnels. La ligne découpée est ensuite éliminée et une section neuve, non utilisée, est raccordée, prolongeant encore la durée de vie globale de la ligne.

Avantages de la glisse et de la découpe

  • Durée de vie accrue de la ligne : En répartissant l'usure et en éliminant les sections usées, le programme prolonge considérablement la durée de vie opérationnelle de la ligne de forage.

  • Sécurité accrue : Prévient les pannes prématurées de la ligne, réduisant le risque d'accidents et de temps d'arrêt coûteux.

  • Efficacité opérationnelle : Minimise les opérations de maintenance non planifiées et garantit des opérations de forage fluides et ininterrompues.

  • Réduction des coûts : La nature préventive du programme permet d'éviter les dépenses importantes associées aux remplacements de lignes non programmés.

Conclusion

Le programme de glisse et de découpe est un élément crucial de toute opération de forage responsable. En s'attaquant à l'usure avant qu'elle ne devienne problématique, ce programme protège l'intégrité de la ligne de forage, améliorant la sécurité, la productivité et la rentabilité à long terme.


Test Your Knowledge

Slip-and-Cutoff Program Quiz:

Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. What is the primary goal of the slip-and-cutoff program?

a) To replace the drilling line with a new one. b) To identify and repair damaged sections of the line. c) To distribute wear evenly across the entire drilling line. d) To increase the speed of drilling operations.

Answer

c) To distribute wear evenly across the entire drilling line.

2. Which of the following is NOT a step involved in the slip-and-cutoff process?

a) Suspending the traveling block. b) Loosening deadline anchor bolts. c) Replacing the drawworks drum. d) Spooling the line onto the drawworks drum.

Answer

c) Replacing the drawworks drum.

3. Why is "cutoff" a necessary part of the slip-and-cutoff program?

a) To prevent the line from becoming too long. b) To remove worn sections of the line and prevent further damage. c) To reduce the weight of the line. d) To improve the appearance of the line.

Answer

b) To remove worn sections of the line and prevent further damage.

4. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of the slip-and-cutoff program?

a) Increased line lifespan. b) Enhanced safety. c) Reduced drilling costs. d) Improved drilling speed.

Answer

d) Improved drilling speed.

5. When should the slip-and-cutoff program be implemented?

a) Only when the drilling line shows signs of wear. b) At regular intervals, regardless of the line's condition. c) Only during emergency situations. d) When the drilling operation is complete.

Answer

b) At regular intervals, regardless of the line's condition.

Slip-and-Cutoff Program Exercise:

Instructions:

Imagine you are a drilling supervisor responsible for implementing the slip-and-cutoff program. A new drilling line has been installed, and you need to determine the appropriate intervals for performing the slip-and-cutoff procedure.

Factors to consider:

  • The type of drilling line (wire rope, synthetic fiber)
  • The diameter of the drilling line
  • The weight of the equipment being lifted
  • The frequency and intensity of drilling operations
  • Manufacturer recommendations for the specific drilling line

Task:

  1. Research and list at least three factors that influence the frequency of slip-and-cutoff procedures.
  2. Based on your research and the factors listed above, propose a realistic schedule for performing slip-and-cutoff procedures on the new drilling line.

Note: This is a hypothetical exercise. The specific frequency and details of the schedule will vary depending on the specific drilling operation.

Exercice Correction

**Factors Influencing Slip-and-Cutoff Frequency:** * **Line Type and Diameter:** Wire rope lines typically require more frequent slip-and-cutoff procedures than synthetic fiber lines. Larger diameter lines generally experience less wear per unit of length, so they may require less frequent procedures. * **Load Weight:** Higher load weights result in greater stress on the drilling line, necessitating more frequent slip-and-cutoff procedures. * **Drilling Operations Intensity:** Continuous and heavy drilling operations will lead to faster wear on the line, requiring more frequent slip-and-cutoff procedures. * **Manufacturer Recommendations:** The manufacturer of the drilling line will provide specific guidelines for recommended slip-and-cutoff intervals based on the line's design and materials. **Proposed Schedule:** Based on the above factors, a realistic schedule could be: * For wire rope lines: Slip-and-cutoff every 2-3 weeks during heavy drilling operations, every 4-6 weeks during moderate drilling operations, and every 6-8 weeks during lighter operations. * For synthetic fiber lines: Slip-and-cutoff every 4-6 weeks during heavy drilling operations, every 6-8 weeks during moderate operations, and every 8-10 weeks during lighter operations. **Note:** This schedule is just a starting point. The actual frequency should be adjusted based on the specific drilling conditions, equipment used, and manufacturer recommendations.


Books

  • Drilling Engineering: This classic text provides a foundational understanding of drilling practices, including line maintenance and slip-and-cutoff programs.
  • Petroleum Engineering Handbook: Covers a broad range of drilling and production engineering topics, including line maintenance and safety considerations.
  • Drilling & Completion Fundamentals: A practical resource with detailed information on drilling operations, equipment, and maintenance procedures.

Articles

  • "Optimizing Drilling Line Maintenance for Improved Well Construction" (Journal of Petroleum Technology): This article examines various aspects of drilling line maintenance, including the effectiveness of slip-and-cutoff programs.
  • "Impact of Slip-and-Cutoff Programs on Drilling Line Longevity and Safety" (Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal): This paper analyzes the safety and economic benefits of implementing regular slip-and-cutoff programs.
  • "Case Study: Analyzing the Cost-Effectiveness of Slip-and-Cutoff Programs in Deepwater Drilling" (Oil & Gas Journal): This case study showcases the practical application and benefits of slip-and-cutoff programs in a specific drilling scenario.

Online Resources

  • API (American Petroleum Institute): The API website offers standards and guidelines for drilling operations, including line maintenance practices and safety protocols.
  • IADC (International Association of Drilling Contractors): IADC provides resources on drilling equipment, safety, and operational best practices, including information on line maintenance.
  • Drillinginfo: This industry data platform offers insights into drilling operations, including drilling line trends and best practices.

Search Tips

  • "Slip-and-cutoff drilling line maintenance" - This specific search term will bring up relevant articles, studies, and technical documents.
  • "Drilling line wear analysis" - This term can lead to resources on understanding and mitigating drilling line wear, which is crucial for effective slip-and-cutoff programs.
  • "API drilling line standards" - Searching for API standards related to drilling lines will provide detailed guidance on line inspection, maintenance, and replacement.

Techniques

Chapter 1: Techniques of Slip-and-Cutoff Program

This chapter delves into the practical aspects of executing the slip-and-cutoff program, outlining the specific techniques employed to achieve its objectives.

1.1. Slip-and-Cutoff Procedure:

The slip-and-cutoff procedure typically involves the following steps:

  • Preparation: Ensure the rig is in a safe condition and that all necessary tools and equipment are readily available.
  • Suspending the Traveling Block: The traveling block is either hoisted into the derrick or propped on the rig floor, preventing its movement.
  • Loosening the Deadline Anchor Bolts: The bolts securing the line to the drawworks drum are loosened, allowing for the controlled release of the line.
  • Spooling the Line: The line is spooled back onto the drawworks drum, ensuring that the worn sections are moved to the bottom of the drum.
  • Cutoff and Splicing: The worn section of the line is cut off and discarded. A fresh, unused section of line is then spliced into the remaining line, effectively extending the service life.

1.2. Line Inspection and Wear Assessment:

Regular inspection of the drilling line is essential to determine the need for a slip-and-cutoff operation. This includes:

  • Visual Inspection: Examining the line for signs of wear such as fraying, kinking, and excessive stretching.
  • Wear Measurement: Using specialized tools to measure line diameter reduction and assess overall wear.
  • Cutoff Point Determination: Determining the optimal point for cutting off the worn section based on established guidelines and industry standards.

1.3. Special Considerations:

  • Line Type: The type of drilling line used significantly influences the frequency and techniques employed in the slip-and-cutoff program.
  • Environmental Factors: Harsh weather conditions and corrosive environments can accelerate line wear, requiring more frequent slip-and-cutoff cycles.
  • Rig Configuration: The configuration of the rig and the design of the drawworks drum may necessitate adjustments to the standard procedures.

1.4. Safety Precautions:

  • Rig Safety: Ensuring that the rig is in a safe operating condition is paramount before initiating the slip-and-cutoff procedure.
  • Personnel Safety: Implementing strict safety protocols to protect workers from potential hazards associated with heavy equipment and line handling.
  • Line Handling: Employing safe and efficient methods for handling the drilling line during the slip-and-cutoff process to prevent damage and accidents.

1.5. Documentation:

  • Line Maintenance Records: Maintaining detailed records of all slip-and-cutoff operations, including dates, line type, cut-off length, and any relevant observations.
  • Line Usage Data: Tracking line usage data to monitor wear patterns and optimize the frequency of slip-and-cutoff operations.

This chapter has provided a comprehensive overview of the techniques employed in the slip-and-cutoff program, highlighting the importance of careful planning, execution, and record-keeping to maximize the effectiveness of this preventative maintenance strategy.

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