In the world of oil and gas, projects are complex and multifaceted, requiring careful planning and execution. One crucial aspect of this process is the identification and allocation of requirements – the essential characteristics and capabilities that a system or component must possess to meet project objectives. This article explores the concept of allocated requirements, a key element in the design and development of oil and gas systems.
What are Allocated Requirements?
Allocated requirements are essentially requirements apportioned to specific elements of a system. This process involves taking the overall project requirements and breaking them down into more manageable, specific requirements for each individual component or subsystem.
How are Allocated Requirements Determined?
The determination of allocated requirements relies heavily on applicable knowledge, experience, and expert judgment. This process involves:
The Role of Expertise and Experience
It's important to note that the determination of allocated requirements is not a purely scientific process. It heavily relies on the expertise and experience of engineers and specialists in the relevant fields. This means:
Distinction from Derived Requirements
While allocated requirements rely on expertise and experience, derived requirements are determined through more rigorous scientific analysis. They are directly derived from the system requirements using analytical techniques and calculations.
Why are Allocated Requirements Important?
Allocated requirements are crucial for several reasons:
Challenges and Considerations
While essential, the process of allocating requirements has its challenges:
Conclusion
Allocated requirements are an essential part of designing and developing successful oil and gas systems. By applying expertise and experience, engineers can effectively break down complex system requirements into manageable, specific requirements for each component, ultimately contributing to a more efficient and reliable project outcome.
While the process relies on expert judgment, it is crucial to address potential challenges and ensure that allocated requirements are accurately defined, consistently managed, and readily traceable back to the overall project objectives.
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What are allocated requirements?
a) Requirements that are based on scientific analysis. b) Requirements that are assigned to specific system elements. c) Requirements that are derived from customer feedback. d) Requirements that are determined by the project manager.
b) Requirements that are assigned to specific system elements.
2. How are allocated requirements determined?
a) Primarily through scientific analysis. b) By using pre-defined templates. c) Through expert judgment and experience. d) Based on the project budget.
c) Through expert judgment and experience.
3. What is the key benefit of using allocated requirements?
a) Reducing project costs. b) Improving communication and collaboration. c) Increasing project complexity. d) Eliminating the need for testing.
b) Improving communication and collaboration.
4. Which of the following is a challenge associated with allocated requirements?
a) Ensuring that all requirements are met. b) Maintaining consistency and traceability. c) Determining the project budget. d) Hiring experienced engineers.
b) Maintaining consistency and traceability.
5. How do allocated requirements differ from derived requirements?
a) Allocated requirements are more detailed. b) Derived requirements are based on scientific analysis. c) Allocated requirements are determined by the project manager. d) Derived requirements are assigned to specific system elements.
b) Derived requirements are based on scientific analysis.
Scenario: You are designing a new oil and gas platform. The overall project requirement is to maximize oil and gas extraction efficiency.
Task: Identify three key system elements of the platform and allocate specific requirements to each element. Be sure to consider the overall project requirement and how each element contributes to achieving it.
Example:
System Element: Drilling Rig Allocated Requirement: The drilling rig must be capable of drilling wells to a depth of X meters.
Exercise Correction:
Here is a possible solution for the exercise:
1. System Element: Production Platform
Allocated Requirement: The production platform must be able to process and separate extracted oil and gas at a rate of Y barrels per day, while ensuring minimal environmental impact.
2. System Element: Subsea Pipeline System
Allocated Requirement: The subsea pipeline system must be able to transport extracted oil and gas from the wellhead to the production platform safely and efficiently, with a maximum pressure rating of Z bar.
3. System Element: Control and Monitoring System
Allocated Requirement: The control and monitoring system must provide real-time data on production rates, flow pressures, and other critical parameters, enabling operators to optimize production and respond effectively to any issues.
Note: This is just one possible solution. There are many other system elements and requirements that could be considered, depending on the specific design and project objectives.
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