Le terme "plage de charge" dans le forage et l'achèvement des puits fait référence à la variation de force appliquée à l'équipement tout au long de l'opération. C'est un paramètre crucial pour comprendre les performances et la sécurité de divers processus, en particulier dans le contexte du **pompage par tiges de pompage**, une méthode largement utilisée pour extraire le pétrole des puits.
Dans le pompage par tiges de pompage, la plage de charge décrit spécifiquement la **différence entre la charge de pointe de la tige polie à la course ascendante et la charge minimale à la course descendante**. Décomposons chaque élément :
**Charge de pointe de la tige polie :**
**Charge minimale à la course descendante :**
**Comprendre l'importance de la plage de charge :**
**Facteurs affectant la plage de charge :**
**Conclusion :**
La plage de charge est un paramètre fondamental dans les opérations de pompage par tiges de pompage. En comprenant ses composants et ses facteurs d'influence, les ingénieurs et les opérateurs peuvent optimiser les performances du puits, prévenir les pannes d'équipement et garantir la durabilité à long terme de la production. Une surveillance et une analyse continues de la plage de charge sont cruciales pour maintenir l'efficacité et la sécurité de l'ensemble du système de pompage.
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the term "load range" in the context of sucker rod pumping?
a) The difference between the polished rod peak load and the minimum load on the downstroke. b) The maximum force applied to the polished rod during the upstroke cycle. c) The minimum force applied to the polished rod during the downstroke cycle. d) The weight of the sucker rod string.
a) The difference between the polished rod peak load and the minimum load on the downstroke.
2. Which of the following factors DOES NOT directly affect the load range in sucker rod pumping?
a) Well depth b) Fluid density c) Pump capacity d) Wellbore conditions
c) Pump capacity
3. What is the significance of a high polished rod peak load?
a) It indicates efficient pumping operation. b) It reflects the weight of the fluid column being lifted. c) It can cause stress and fatigue on the sucker rod string. d) It is primarily determined by the wellbore conditions.
c) It can cause stress and fatigue on the sucker rod string.
4. A wider load range generally suggests:
a) Reduced pumping efficiency. b) Lower stress on the pumping unit. c) More efficient fluid lifting. d) A shorter sucker rod string.
c) More efficient fluid lifting.
5. Why is monitoring the load range over time crucial for sucker rod pumping operations?
a) To optimize the pumping unit configuration. b) To prevent equipment failures and ensure long-term sustainability. c) To determine the appropriate size and strength of the pumping unit. d) To understand the impact of wellbore conditions on the load range.
b) To prevent equipment failures and ensure long-term sustainability.
Scenario:
You are monitoring a sucker rod pumping well. The following data is collected:
Task:
**1. Load Range Calculation:** * Load Range = Polished Rod Peak Load - Minimum Load on the Downstroke * Load Range = 10,000 lbs - 2,000 lbs = **8,000 lbs** **2. Load Range Analysis:** * The load range of 8,000 lbs indicates a significant variation in force throughout the pumping cycle. * While a wider load range can suggest more efficient fluid lifting, it also implies a higher risk of equipment stress and potential fatigue issues. **3. Contributing Factors:** * **Well Depth:** The 3,000 ft well depth contributes to the high load range due to the weight of the longer sucker rod string and the greater fluid column. * **Fluid Density:** The high fluid density of 10 lbs/gallon increases the load on the pumping unit during the upstroke, contributing to a wider load range.
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