في عالم صناعة النفط والغاز، الذي يموج بالتحديات والتعقيدات، لا يكفي امتلاك الخبرة التقنية فقط لتحقيق النجاح. يحتاج مديرو المشاريع إلى إلهام ودفع فرقهم لتحقيق أهداف طموحة، غالباً تحت ضغط مواعيد نهائية محددة وظروف صعبة. وتُعد **سلطة المرجعية** أداة قوية في ترسانتهم.
سلطة المرجعية هي قدرة التأثير على الآخرين بناءً على **الجاذبية الشخصية** أو **الإعجاب**. وهي تتجاوز مجرد امتلاك السلطة أو المهارات التقنية، فهي تدور حول بناء علاقات حقيقية وترسيخ شعور بالاحترام والولاء داخل الفريق.
**كيف تعمل سلطة المرجعية في مجال النفط والغاز؟**
**فوائد سلطة المرجعية: **
**زراعة سلطة المرجعية: **
إن تطوير سلطة المرجعية عملية مستمرة تتطلب التزامًا وجهدًا. يمكن لمديري المشاريع زراعتها من خلال:
في عالم صناعة النفط والغاز المُطالب، تُعد سلطة المرجعية أداة قوية لمديري المشاريع. من خلال بناء العلاقات، وإشاعة الثقة، وإلهام فرقهم، يمكن لمديري المشاريع تسخير الطاقة والخبرة الجماعية لفريقهم، مما يؤدي إلى نتائج مشروع ناجحة وتأثير دائم.
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the foundation of referent power?
a) Formal authority and position b) Technical expertise and knowledge c) Personal attraction and admiration d) Rewards and punishments
c) Personal attraction and admiration
2. How can a project manager build referent power in the oil & gas industry?
a) By using their technical expertise to intimidate team members b) By focusing solely on achieving project goals, regardless of team needs c) By building strong relationships and fostering a sense of trust with the team d) By relying on their position of authority to command respect
c) By building strong relationships and fostering a sense of trust with the team
3. Which of these is NOT a benefit of referent power?
a) Improved team performance b) Increased communication barriers c) Reduced conflict d) Enhanced innovation
b) Increased communication barriers
4. How can a project manager cultivate referent power?
a) By constantly reminding team members of their authority b) By focusing solely on their own success c) By actively listening to team members and understanding their needs d) By delegating all tasks to team members
c) By actively listening to team members and understanding their needs
5. Why is referent power particularly valuable in the oil & gas industry?
a) It can help manage complex and challenging projects b) It allows project managers to avoid conflict and maintain control c) It provides a shortcut to achieving project goals quickly d) It is the only type of power that is effective in this industry
a) It can help manage complex and challenging projects
Scenario: You are a project manager leading a team of engineers working on a crucial pipeline construction project. One of your team members, Sarah, is highly skilled but has been demotivated lately due to a personal issue. She has been showing less engagement and contributing less to the team.
Task:
Develop a plan to re-engage Sarah and build her trust. Consider the following:
Expected Outcome:
Here's a possible plan to re-engage Sarah and build her trust: 1. **Active Listening:** * Schedule a one-on-one meeting with Sarah in a private setting. * Express your concern for her well-being and ask if there's anything affecting her work. * Listen attentively without judgment and allow her to express her feelings and concerns openly. 2. **Effective Communication:** * Acknowledge her skills and contributions to the team. * Reassure her that her role is valuable and her absence is noticeable. * Discuss how her expertise is vital for the project's success. * Offer her flexibility in work arrangements or task allocation if needed. 3. **Empathy and Compassion:** * Show genuine concern for her personal situation and offer your support. * If appropriate, offer to connect her with resources or support networks within the company. * Emphasize that you are there for her and that the team values her well-being. **Explanation:** This plan aligns with the concepts of referent power by: * **Building a relationship:** Creating an environment where Sarah feels heard and valued. * **Fostering trust:** Demonstrating your commitment to her well-being and offering support. * **Leading by example:** Showing empathy and concern for your team member, setting a positive example for others. By actively listening, communicating effectively, and showing empathy, you can re-engage Sarah, build her trust, and ultimately strengthen your referent power within the team.
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