في صناعة النفط والغاز، يشير مصطلح "سلسلة العمل" إلى مجموعة متخصصة من الأنابيب التي تلعب دورًا حاسمًا خلال مرحلة إكمال البئر. عادة ما تكون هذه السلسلة مميزة عن أنابيب الإنتاج المستخدمة لاستخراج الهيدروكربونات، مصممة لتحمل ضغوط أكبر وأحمال أثقل أثناء عملية إكمال البئر الحرجة.
ما هي سلسلة العمل؟
سلسلة العمل هي في الأساس نظام أنابيب مؤقت ومتخصص يتم تشغيله في بئر البئر أثناء عمليات الإكمال المختلفة. تعمل كقناة للأدوات والسوائل والمعدات اللازمة لمجموعة من المهام مثل:
لماذا استخدام سلسلة العمل؟
أسباب استخدام سلسلة العمل بدلاً من أنابيب الإنتاج أثناء هذه العمليات الحرجة متعددة:
أنواع سلاسل العمل:
يمكن تصنيف سلاسل العمل بناءً على غرضها وتطبيقها المحدد. تتضمن الأنواع الشائعة:
الاستنتاج:
سلاسل العمل هي أدوات أساسية في إكمال آبار النفط والغاز بنجاح. يسمح تصميمها وقدراتها الفريدة للمشغلين بأداء المهام الحاسمة بأمان وكفاءة، مما يساهم في النهاية في الإنتاج الفعال والمربح للهيدروكربونات. إن فهم تفاصيل اختيار سلسلة العمل وتشغيلها أمر حيوي لأي متخصص متورط في عمليات إكمال البئر.
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the primary function of a work string in well completion?
a) To extract hydrocarbons from the reservoir. b) To act as a temporary conduit for tools, fluids, and equipment during completion operations. c) To support the weight of the wellhead and surface equipment. d) To provide a permanent pathway for production fluids.
b) To act as a temporary conduit for tools, fluids, and equipment during completion operations.
2. Why are work strings typically designed with thicker walls and stronger materials than production tubing?
a) To resist corrosion from production fluids. b) To withstand the high pressures generated during completion operations. c) To accommodate the weight of the wellhead. d) To ensure a smooth flow of hydrocarbons.
b) To withstand the high pressures generated during completion operations.
3. Which of the following is NOT a typical task performed using a work string?
a) Cementing the wellbore. b) Stimulation of the reservoir. c) Installing downhole equipment. d) Monitoring the well's production rate.
d) Monitoring the well's production rate.
4. What type of work string is specifically designed for high-pressure cementing operations?
a) Stimulation string. b) Production testing string. c) Cementing string. d) Completion string.
c) Cementing string.
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding work strings?
a) They are typically designed for permanent use in the wellbore. b) They are used only for stimulation operations. c) They are always made of the same materials as production tubing. d) They are temporary tubing systems used during various completion operations.
d) They are temporary tubing systems used during various completion operations.
Scenario:
You are a well completion engineer working on a new oil well. The well will be completed with a production tubing string made of 2-7/8" OD, 6.5 lb/ft tubing. The completion plan includes the following operations:
Task:
Based on the given information, choose the appropriate work string for each operation and explain your rationale.
Available Work Strings:
Hint: Consider the pressure requirements, weight handling capacity, and the need for specialized components for each operation.
Here's a possible breakdown of work string selection:
Rationale:
Selecting the appropriate work string ensures safe and efficient completion operations. The choice should consider the specific pressures and weights involved in each operation, as well as the need for specialized components like injection ports or pressure-rated features.
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