مُقبس كيلي، وهو مكون يبدو بسيطًا، يلعب دورًا حاسمًا في آليات الحفر المعقدة لآبار النفط والغاز. يعمل كجسر بين كيلي الدوار (شريط فولاذي مربع أو سداسي الشكل يربط سلسلة الحفر بجدول الدوران) ونظام القيادة العلوي، مما يضمن حفرًا سلسًا وكفاءة.
الوظيفة والأهمية:
يؤدي مُقبس كيلي العديد من الوظائف الحيوية:
أنواع مُقبس كيلي:
الصيانة والتفتيش:
الصيانة والتفتيش المنتظم لمُقبس كيلي ضروريان لضمان الأداء الأمثل والسلامة. يشمل هذا:
الاستنتاج:
مُقبس كيلي، على الرغم من صغر حجمه، يلعب دورًا حيويًا في عمليات الحفر. وظيفته في نقل عزم الدوران وتوفير المحاذاة وختم السوائل وضمان السلامة ضرورية لعمليات الحفر الفعالة والآمنة. إن فهم عمل هذا المكون الأساسي وصيانته ضروري لأي شخص يعمل في مجال النفط والغاز.
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the primary function of the Kelly Bushing?
a) To connect the drill string to the top drive system. b) To prevent the drill bit from spinning. c) To lubricate the drill string. d) To remove drill cuttings from the wellbore.
a) To connect the drill string to the top drive system.
2. Which of the following is NOT a type of Kelly Bushing?
a) Standard Kelly Bushing b) High-Pressure Kelly Bushing c) Modular Kelly Bushing d) Rotary Kelly Bushing
d) Rotary Kelly Bushing
3. What is the importance of the Kelly Bushing in terms of safety?
a) It prevents the drill string from breaking. b) It helps to keep the drilling platform stable. c) It secures the Kelly, preventing it from coming loose during drilling. d) It protects workers from potential drill string malfunctions.
c) It secures the Kelly, preventing it from coming loose during drilling.
4. What is the purpose of pressure testing a Kelly Bushing?
a) To ensure its resistance to high pressure environments. b) To determine the amount of torque it can handle. c) To check the lubrication levels. d) To detect any wear and tear on the bushing.
a) To ensure its resistance to high pressure environments.
5. Which of the following is a key aspect of Kelly Bushing maintenance?
a) Regularly cleaning the drill string. b) Replacing the drill bit every few hours. c) Performing visual inspections for signs of damage. d) Checking the hydraulic pressure of the top drive system.
c) Performing visual inspections for signs of damage.
Scenario: You are a drilling supervisor responsible for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of your drilling rig. During a routine inspection, you notice a small crack on the surface of the Kelly Bushing.
Task: 1. Explain the potential consequences of ignoring this crack. 2. Describe the immediate actions you should take in this situation. 3. Outline the steps you need to take to address the issue properly.
1. **Potential Consequences:** - **Failure of the Kelly Bushing:** The crack could worsen under pressure and lead to a complete failure of the Kelly Bushing. This would result in a loss of torque transfer, leading to a stalled drill string and potential damage to the wellbore. - **Kelly Coming Loose:** The compromised Kelly Bushing could lead to the Kelly coming loose from the top drive system during drilling operations, creating a serious safety hazard. - **Drilling Fluid Leak:** A cracked bushing could allow drilling fluids to leak out of the wellbore, resulting in environmental damage and potentially compromising the integrity of the drilling operation. 2. **Immediate Actions:** - **Stop Drilling Operations:** Immediately halt the drilling operation to prevent further damage or accidents. - **Isolate the Problem Area:** Securely isolate the Kelly Bushing to prevent any accidental movement or further damage. - **Notify Relevant Personnel:** Inform your superiors and any necessary personnel about the issue and the actions you have taken. 3. **Addressing the Issue:** - **Thorough Inspection:** Conduct a thorough visual inspection and possibly a pressure test to evaluate the extent of the crack and determine its impact on the bushing's integrity. - **Replacement:** If the crack is significant or the bushing is deemed compromised, it should be immediately replaced with a new, functional Kelly Bushing. - **Record Keeping:** Document the entire incident, including the inspection findings, corrective actions taken, and any relevant data, for future reference and to ensure compliance with industry safety standards.
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