Geology & Exploration

Section (US land)

Understanding "Section" in Oil & Gas: A 640 Acre Parcel of Potential

In the world of oil and gas exploration, "section" is a term frequently thrown around, often accompanied by discussions of acreage and mineral rights. But what exactly does it mean?

A "section," in the context of oil and gas, refers to a square-shaped parcel of land measuring 1 mile by 1 mile, or 640 acres. This unit of measurement originated in the Public Land Survey System (PLSS), a systematic method used by the United States government to divide and survey land.

Here's a breakdown of how the system works:

  • Township: A township is a square area measuring 6 miles by 6 miles, encompassing 36 sections.
  • Range: Ranges run in north-south lines, parallel to the principal meridians, and are numbered east and west of the meridian.
  • Section Number: Each section within a township is assigned a number from 1 to 36, following a specific pattern.

Why is "section" important in oil and gas?

  • Property Ownership: Sections define the boundaries of land ownership, which is crucial for identifying mineral rights.
  • Exploration & Development: Oil and gas companies use section information to map and understand the geological formations beneath the surface, identifying potential drilling sites.
  • Leasing: Landowners can lease their mineral rights within a section to oil and gas companies for exploration and development.

Understanding the "640 acres"

  • A section is equivalent to 640 acres, which is a significant amount of land.
  • This large area allows for extensive exploration and development within a single section.
  • However, the specific acreage available for drilling can vary depending on factors such as existing infrastructure, environmental regulations, and surface ownership.

Beyond the Basics

  • Fractions: Sections can be further divided into smaller units called "quarter-sections" (160 acres), "half-sections" (320 acres), and so on.
  • Legal Descriptions: Legal descriptions of oil and gas properties often utilize section numbers, township, and range to accurately identify the location.

In conclusion, understanding the concept of "section" is crucial for navigating the complexities of the oil and gas industry. This fundamental unit of measurement provides a clear framework for understanding property ownership, exploration areas, and potential development within a specific geographical location.


Test Your Knowledge

Quiz: Understanding "Section" in Oil & Gas

Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. What is the size of a section in oil and gas terminology?

a) 160 acres

Answer

Incorrect. This is the size of a quarter-section.

b) 320 acres

Answer

Incorrect. This is the size of a half-section.

c) 640 acres

Answer

Correct! A section is a square parcel of land measuring 1 mile by 1 mile, which is equal to 640 acres.

d) 1 square mile

Answer

Incorrect. While a section is 1 square mile, the question asks for the acreage.

2. Which of the following systems is used to define sections in oil and gas?

a) The Global Positioning System (GPS)

Answer

Incorrect. GPS is a system for determining location but not for defining land parcels.

b) The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM)

Answer

Incorrect. BIPM deals with international standards for measurement but not land surveying.

c) The Public Land Survey System (PLSS)

Answer

Correct! The PLSS is a systematic method for dividing and surveying land, defining sections.

d) The Meridian and Township System

Answer

Incorrect. This is a part of the PLSS, not a separate system.

3. What is the relationship between a township and a section?

a) A township is a smaller unit than a section.

Answer

Incorrect. A township is larger than a section.

b) A township is a larger unit than a section.

Answer

Correct! A township consists of 36 sections.

c) Townships and sections are the same size.

Answer

Incorrect. They are different sizes.

d) Townships and sections are unrelated.

Answer

Incorrect. Sections are part of townships.

4. Why is the concept of "section" important in oil and gas exploration?

a) To determine the exact location of drilling rigs.

Answer

Incorrect. While drilling locations are defined within sections, the question asks for a broader importance.

b) To identify property ownership and mineral rights.

Answer

Correct! Sections define land boundaries and ownership, which is crucial for mineral rights.

c) To calculate the cost of oil and gas extraction.

Answer

Incorrect. While section size can influence extraction costs, it's not the primary reason for its importance.

d) To understand the geological formations of the Earth's crust.

Answer

Incorrect. While sections help in understanding geological formations, they are not the primary factor.

5. What is the maximum acreage available for drilling within a section?

a) 160 acres

Answer

Incorrect. This is the size of a quarter-section.

b) 320 acres

Answer

Incorrect. This is the size of a half-section.

c) 640 acres

Answer

Incorrect. While a section is 640 acres, the available acreage for drilling can vary.

d) It varies depending on factors like infrastructure, regulations, and ownership.

Answer

Correct! The actual drilling area can be less than the entire section due to various factors.

Exercise: Legal Description

Instructions: You are given a legal description of an oil and gas property:

"The NW 1/4 of Section 3, Township 2S, Range 1E"

Task:

  1. Draw a simple sketch of the section, highlighting the specific area described.
  2. Calculate the acreage of the described area.

Exercice Correction

1. Sketch: - Draw a square representing Section 3. - Divide the square into four equal quadrants (NW, NE, SW, SE). - Shade the NW quadrant to represent the described area. 2. Calculation: - A full section is 640 acres. - The NW 1/4 of a section represents one-fourth of the total acreage. - Therefore, the acreage of the described area is 640 acres / 4 = **160 acres**.


Books

  • The Public Land Survey System: A User's Guide: By Ronald D. Albers and Robert W. Marx. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the PLSS, including its history, principles, and applications.
  • Oil and Gas Law in a Nutshell: By Stephen P. Zagaris. This book offers a concise and insightful overview of the legal framework surrounding oil and gas exploration and development, including the concept of mineral rights and leasing.

Articles

  • Understanding the Public Land Survey System (PLSS): This article from the US Bureau of Land Management provides a clear and concise explanation of the PLSS, including its history, key terms, and how to interpret maps.
  • Oil and Gas Terminology: Section: This article from the Texas Oil and Gas Association defines the term "section" in the context of oil and gas exploration and provides examples of its usage.

Online Resources

  • Bureau of Land Management (BLM): https://www.blm.gov/ The BLM website provides access to a wealth of information about the PLSS, including maps, surveys, and legal documents.
  • Texas Oil and Gas Association (TXOGA): https://www.txoga.org/ The TXOGA website provides educational resources and information on the oil and gas industry in Texas, including definitions of key terms and explanations of common practices.

Search Tips

  • "PLSS" + "oil and gas": This search query will lead you to resources specifically focused on the PLSS as it relates to the oil and gas industry.
  • "section" + "land description" + "oil and gas": This search query will provide information on how sections are used in legal descriptions for oil and gas properties.
  • "mineral rights" + "section": This search query will lead you to resources discussing the relationship between mineral rights and section boundaries.

Techniques

Similar Terms
Drilling & Well CompletionGeology & Exploration
Most Viewed
Categories

Comments


No Comments
POST COMMENT
captcha
Back