underground storage tank (UST)

Underground Storage Tanks: A Hidden Threat to Our Environment

Underground storage tanks (USTs) are ubiquitous in modern society, silently storing everything from gasoline and heating oil to chemicals and hazardous materials. While vital for various industries, these hidden vessels pose significant environmental risks if not properly maintained and monitored.

Defining an Underground Storage Tank:

A UST is defined as a tank with at least 10% of its volume buried underground. This definition includes all types of tanks, regardless of size or material, used for storing regulated substances. Regulated substances include fuels, chemicals, and other materials that could contaminate soil and groundwater if released.

The Environmental Threat:

USTs are susceptible to corrosion, leaks, and spills, which can lead to severe environmental contamination. Leaking tanks release hazardous substances into the surrounding soil and groundwater, polluting drinking water sources and harming ecosystems. The potential consequences include:

• Contamination of drinking water supplies: Leaked contaminants can seep into aquifers, making the water unsafe for consumption.
• Soil and groundwater pollution: Pollutants can spread through the soil, impacting plant and animal life.
• Air pollution: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from leaking fuels can evaporate into the air, contributing to smog and respiratory problems.
• Fire and explosion hazards: Leaking fuels and flammable chemicals create a fire hazard, especially in densely populated areas.

Regulations and Compliance:

To mitigate these risks, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established comprehensive regulations for USTs. These regulations address various aspects, including:

• Construction and installation standards: New USTs must meet specific design and installation requirements to minimize the risk of leaks.
• Leak detection and monitoring: USTs must be equipped with leak detection systems and undergo regular monitoring to identify and address any potential issues.
• Corrosion protection: Tanks must be made from corrosion-resistant materials or have protective coatings to prevent degradation over time.
• Closure and removal: When an UST is no longer in use, it must be properly closed and removed to prevent future contamination.

Beyond Regulations: A Proactive Approach:

While regulations provide a framework for UST safety, a proactive approach is crucial. Businesses and individuals responsible for USTs should:

• Conduct regular inspections and maintenance: Proactive inspections and maintenance can prevent leaks before they occur.
• Implement robust spill prevention and response plans: Emergency preparedness is essential to minimize the impact of any accidental spills.
• Invest in advanced technologies: Leak detection and monitoring systems are constantly evolving. Utilizing cutting-edge technology can enhance safety and prevent costly environmental damage.

Conclusion:

Underground storage tanks are a vital part of our infrastructure, but they require careful management and vigilance. By understanding the potential risks and adhering to regulations and best practices, we can mitigate the environmental threats associated with USTs and ensure a safer and healthier future for our communities.