In project planning and scheduling, a task is the fundamental unit of work that needs to be completed to achieve a project objective. It's a specific, measurable action with a defined start and end point.

Here's a breakdown of how tasks are used:

1. Project Breakdown: - Projects are broken down into smaller, manageable tasks. - This makes the project easier to understand and track.

2. Scheduling and Sequencing: - Tasks are arranged in a logical sequence, showing their dependencies on each other. - This creates a roadmap for completing the project.

3. Resource Allocation: - Tasks are assigned to specific resources (people, equipment, materials). - This helps ensure that the project has the necessary resources to complete each task.

4. Tracking Progress: - Tasks are tracked to monitor progress towards project completion. - This allows for early identification and resolution of issues.

5. Communication and Collaboration: - Tasks provide a shared understanding of what needs to be done and by whom. - This facilitates communication and collaboration among project team members.

Key Characteristics of a Task:

• Specific: Clearly defined scope of work.
• Measurable: Progress can be tracked and measured.
• Assignable: Can be assigned to a specific person or team.
• Realistic: Achievable within the given time and resources.
• Time-Bound: Has a defined start and end date.

Examples of Tasks in Project Planning:

• Design a website: A specific task with clear deliverables.
• Write a report: A measurable task with a defined length and deadline.
• Train new employees: A task with a defined scope and duration.

By defining and managing tasks effectively, project managers can ensure that projects stay on track, within budget, and meet deadlines.