Dans le monde dynamique des projets pétroliers et gaziers, des situations imprévues surviennent fréquemment. Parfois, des travaux au-delà de la portée initiale doivent être effectués, créant une zone grise dans les termes du contrat. C'est là qu'intervient le terme Travaux non tarifés autorisés (TNA). Il décrit les **efforts qui ont été approuvés pour procéder, mais pour lesquels un coût spécifique n'a pas été formellement convenu**.
Comprendre le concept :
Imaginez un projet de construction où des conditions géologiques imprévues nécessitent des forages supplémentaires pour assurer la stabilité. L'entrepreneur peut demander l'autorisation de procéder aux travaux supplémentaires, mais le coût exact associé à ceux-ci n'est pas encore déterminé. Cette situation illustre les Travaux non tarifés autorisés.
Caractéristiques clés des TNA :
Avantages des TNA :
Inconvénients potentiels des TNA :
Bonnes pratiques pour la gestion des TNA :
Conclusion :
Les Travaux non tarifés autorisés sont un outil nécessaire pour gérer la nature complexe et imprévisible des projets pétroliers et gaziers. En comprenant le concept, ses avantages et ses inconvénients potentiels, les parties prenantes peuvent atténuer les risques et garantir une exécution harmonieuse du projet tout en maintenant des relations équitables et transparentes.
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. Which of the following BEST describes Authorized Unpriced Work (AUW)?
a) Work that is not part of the original contract but is approved by the owner. b) Work that is done without authorization and needs to be priced afterward. c) Work that is included in the original contract but has a price that needs to be adjusted. d) Work that is done by a third party without the knowledge of the owner.
The answer is **a) Work that is not part of the original contract but is approved by the owner.**
2. Which of the following is a KEY FEATURE of AUW?
a) The cost is predetermined before the work begins. b) The work is always approved through formal bidding processes. c) The work is usually done without any specific documentation. d) The work is authorized by the project owner or their representative.
The answer is **d) The work is authorized by the project owner or their representative.**
3. What is a potential DRAWBACK of AUW?
a) It allows for greater flexibility in project execution. b) It can prevent delays in critical work. c) It can create unpredictable costs and potential disputes. d) It facilitates immediate action in emergencies.
The answer is **c) It can create unpredictable costs and potential disputes.**
4. Which of the following is a BEST PRACTICE for managing AUW?
a) Avoid documenting the work performed. b) Negotiate the price of the work after it is completed. c) Obtain specific written authorization for the work. d) Keep the owner uninformed of the work progress.
The answer is **c) Obtain specific written authorization for the work.**
5. Which of the following statements is TRUE about AUW?
a) AUW is always a negative aspect of oil and gas projects. b) AUW should never be used in oil and gas projects. c) AUW is a valuable tool for managing unforeseen situations. d) AUW eliminates all risk and uncertainty in oil and gas projects.
The answer is **c) AUW is a valuable tool for managing unforeseen situations.**
Scenario:
You are a project manager on a large oil and gas drilling project. During the drilling process, unforeseen geological conditions are encountered, requiring additional cementing operations to ensure well stability. The contractor requests permission to proceed with the extra work, but the exact cost is yet to be determined.
Task:
**1. Key Features of AUW in this Scenario:** * **Authorization:** The contractor needs specific authorization from the project owner to proceed with the additional cementing work. * **Unpriced:** The exact cost of the extra cementing operations is not yet known, requiring a negotiation process to determine the final price. * **Time Sensitivity:** The extra work is likely needed urgently to ensure well stability and prevent potential accidents or delays. **2. Benefits and Drawbacks:** * **Benefits:** * **Project Continuity:** Allowing the extra work prevents delays and potential losses due to the unforeseen geological conditions. * **Addressing Emergencies:** The immediate action taken with AUW ensures well stability and mitigates potential safety risks. * **Drawbacks:** * **Cost Uncertainty:** The lack of upfront pricing for the extra work can lead to unpredictable costs and potential disputes later. * **Contractual Ambiguity:** If not properly managed, the AUW situation can create complex legal challenges and erode trust between the contractor and the owner. **3. Best Practices:** * **Clear Authorization:** Obtain specific written authorization from the owner, clearly outlining the scope of the extra cementing work and the reason for its authorization. * **Transparent Communication:** Keep the owner informed of the progress of the extra work, any potential cost implications, and any issues that arise. * **Detailed Documentation:** Maintain meticulous records of the work performed, including hours, materials, and any additional expenses incurred. This documentation is crucial for the cost negotiation process.
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