Forage et complétion de puits

Resieved Sand

Le sable recriblé : un composant essentiel dans les opérations pétrolières et gazières

Dans l'industrie pétrolière et gazière, le **sable recriblé** joue un rôle crucial dans divers processus, en particulier dans la **fracturation hydraulique**. Ce sable spécialisé est le produit d'un **criblage secondaire**, un processus conçu pour garantir une granulométrie constante et optimale pour des opérations de fracturation efficaces.

**Qu'est-ce que le sable recriblé ?**

Le sable recriblé, parfois appelé **sable recriblé**, est du sable qui a subi un processus de criblage secondaire. Ce processus élimine les **fines** (très petites particules) et les **gros grains** (grains plus gros) de l'échantillon de sable initial.

**Pourquoi le sable recriblé est-il important ?**

**1. Performances optimales des proppants :**

  • **Fines :** Les fines peuvent obstruer le pack de proppants, réduisant sa capacité à maintenir les fractures ouvertes et gênant l'écoulement des fluides.
  • **Gros grains :** Les gros grains peuvent créer un compactage inégal, conduisant à un support de fracture plus faible et une production réduite.

En éliminant les fines et les gros grains, le sable recriblé garantit une distribution de granulométrie uniforme, maximisant l'efficacité du pack de proppants.

**2. Conductivité de fracture améliorée :**

La taille constante des grains de sable recriblé permet un compactage optimal, créant un réseau de fractures plus ouvert et plus conducteur. Cela conduit à des débits accrus et une production améliorée du réservoir.

**3. Dommages de formation réduits :**

Les fines présentes dans le sable brut peuvent migrer dans la formation, bloquant les chemins d'écoulement et réduisant la production. Le sable recriblé minimise ce risque, garantissant une opération de fracturation plus propre et plus efficace.

**Le processus de criblage :**

Le processus de criblage secondaire implique généralement le passage du sable à travers plusieurs tamis avec des tailles de mailles variables. Cela sépare le sable en fractions de taille distinctes, permettant l'élimination des particules indésirables.

**Applications du sable recriblé :**

Le sable recriblé est principalement utilisé dans :

  • **Fracturation hydraulique :** Comme proppant pour maintenir les fractures ouvertes et améliorer l'écoulement des fluides.
  • **Contrôle du sable :** Dans les opérations de complétion et de travaux de réparation pour éviter la production de sable.

**Conclusion :**

Le sable recriblé est un composant essentiel dans les opérations pétrolières et gazières, assurant des performances optimales dans la fracturation hydraulique et d'autres processus. En éliminant les fines et les gros grains, le sable recriblé garantit une granulométrie constante, conduisant à une conductivité de fracture améliorée, des dommages de formation réduits et une production accrue. L'utilisation du sable recriblé reflète l'engagement de l'industrie à maximiser l'efficacité et à obtenir des résultats optimaux dans l'extraction du pétrole et du gaz.


Test Your Knowledge

Quiz: Resieved Sand in Oil & Gas Operations

Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. What is the primary purpose of resieving sand in the oil and gas industry? a) To remove impurities and ensure a consistent grain size for use as proppant. b) To create a smooth, uniform surface for use in drilling operations. c) To reduce the weight of sand used in hydraulic fracturing. d) To increase the density of sand used in sand control operations.

Answer

a) To remove impurities and ensure a consistent grain size for use as proppant.

2. What is the term used for very small particles removed during the sieving process? a) Coarse particles b) Fines c) Aggregates d) Proppants

Answer

b) Fines

3. How does resieved sand improve fracture conductivity? a) By reducing the number of fractures created during hydraulic fracturing. b) By increasing the pressure exerted on the formation during fracturing. c) By creating a more open and efficient fracture network due to uniform grain size. d) By preventing the formation of cracks in the rock during hydraulic fracturing.

Answer

c) By creating a more open and efficient fracture network due to uniform grain size.

4. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using resieved sand? a) Reduced formation damage b) Increased production from the reservoir c) Improved proppant performance d) Increased risk of sand production

Answer

d) Increased risk of sand production

5. What is the typical method used to re-sieve sand? a) Centrifugation b) Magnetic separation c) Multiple screens with varying mesh sizes d) Chemical treatment

Answer

c) Multiple screens with varying mesh sizes

Exercise: Resieved Sand Application

Scenario: You are a field engineer responsible for optimizing hydraulic fracturing operations in a shale gas reservoir. You have been tasked with selecting the appropriate proppant for the operation. Your options are:

  • Raw Sand: Untreated sand directly from the source.
  • Resieved Sand: Sand that has undergone secondary sieving.

Task: 1. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using each type of sand as proppant in this scenario. 2. Justify your choice for the most suitable proppant based on the potential benefits and risks.

Exercice Correction

1. Advantages and Disadvantages:

  • Raw Sand:

    • Advantages:
      • Lower cost compared to resieved sand.
    • Disadvantages:
      • Contains fines and coarse particles, leading to potential clogging and uneven packing.
      • Increased risk of formation damage due to fines migration.
      • Lower fracture conductivity due to non-uniform grain size distribution.
  • Resieved Sand:

    • Advantages:
      • Uniform grain size, resulting in optimal proppant pack performance and fracture conductivity.
      • Minimizes fines migration, reducing formation damage and improving long-term production.
    • Disadvantages:
      • Higher cost compared to raw sand.

2. Justification:

Resieved sand is the most suitable proppant in this scenario due to its ability to maximize fracture conductivity and minimize formation damage. While it comes at a higher cost, the long-term benefits of improved production, reduced risk of production decline, and optimized reservoir performance outweigh the initial cost difference. Using raw sand could lead to significant production losses and potential long-term issues, negating the cost savings in the long run.


Books

  • "Proppant Technology for Hydraulic Fracturing" by David J. Warpinski (2017): Covers all aspects of proppants, including detailed information on resieved sand, its characteristics, and its importance in fracturing operations.
  • "Petroleum Production Systems" by R.E. Collins (2010): Includes a chapter on sand control and proppant selection, providing insights into the role of resieved sand in preventing sand production.

Articles

  • "The Impact of Fines Content on Proppant Pack Conductivity" by J.A. Miskimins et al. (2015): This article discusses the negative effects of fines on proppant pack conductivity and highlights the importance of using resieved sand.
  • "Optimal Proppant Selection for Hydraulic Fracturing" by S.M. Smith et al. (2012): Explores the criteria for selecting the ideal proppant, including the role of grain size and the benefits of resieved sand.

Online Resources

  • "Resieved Sand: A Critical Component for Successful Fracturing" (Website article): This resource provides a detailed overview of resieved sand, including its benefits, applications, and the sieving process.
  • "Proppant Selection Guide" (Website article): Offers information on various types of proppants, including resieved sand, with technical specifications and comparisons.
  • "Hydraulic Fracturing: A Comprehensive Guide" (Website article): Includes a section on proppant selection and explains the importance of resieved sand in enhancing fracture conductivity.

Search Tips

  • Use specific keywords: "re-sieved sand," "proppant," "hydraulic fracturing," "sand control," "proppant selection," "fines content."
  • Combine keywords: For instance, "re-sieved sand benefits hydraulic fracturing."
  • Include industry-specific terms: "fracture conductivity," "formation damage," "production optimization."
  • Explore related topics: "proppant pack," "sand production," "completion operations."
  • Use advanced search operators: For example, "site:spe.org" to search within the Society of Petroleum Engineers website.

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