acoustic wave

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Test Your Knowledge

Acoustic Waves Quiz:

Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. What is the primary characteristic of an acoustic wave?

a) A propagating electromagnetic wave b) A propagating periodic pressure wave c) A static pressure field d) A constant vibration in a medium

Answer

b) A propagating periodic pressure wave

2. Which type of acoustic wave causes particles to oscillate parallel to the direction of wave propagation?

a) Shear wave b) Transverse wave c) Longitudinal wave d) Electromagnetic wave

Answer

c) Longitudinal wave

3. What does the amplitude of an acoustic wave correspond to?

a) The frequency of the wave b) The speed of the wave c) The distance between two consecutive peaks d) The maximum displacement of particles from their equilibrium position

Answer

d) The maximum displacement of particles from their equilibrium position

4. Which of the following is NOT a common application of acoustic waves in electrical engineering?

a) Ultrasound imaging b) Wireless communication networks c) Audio systems d) Acoustic microscopy

Answer

b) Wireless communication networks

5. Which property of the medium influences the speed of an acoustic wave?

a) Color b) Density c) Luminosity d) Temperature

Answer

b) Density

Acoustic Waves Exercise:

Task:

A sonar system emits a sound wave with a frequency of 50 kHz. The wave travels through water at a speed of 1500 m/s.

a) Calculate the wavelength of the sound wave. b) If the sonar system receives the echo of the wave 0.2 seconds later, how far away is the object that reflected the sound wave?

Hints:

Use the formula: speed = frequency x wavelength
Remember that the sound wave travels to the object and back, so double the distance calculated from the echo time.

Exercice Correction

a) **Wavelength Calculation:** * Speed = 1500 m/s * Frequency = 50 kHz = 50,000 Hz * Wavelength = Speed / Frequency * Wavelength = 1500 m/s / 50,000 Hz = 0.03 meters or 3 centimeters. b) **Distance Calculation:** * Echo time = 0.2 seconds * Total distance traveled by the sound wave = Speed x Time = 1500 m/s x 0.2 s = 300 meters * Distance to the object = Total distance / 2 = 300 meters / 2 = 150 meters. **Therefore, the wavelength of the sound wave is 3 centimeters, and the object that reflected the sound wave is 150 meters away from the sonar system.**

Books

Fundamentals of Acoustics by Kinsler, Frey, Coppens, and Sanders
Acoustics: An Introduction to Its Physical Principles and Applications by Allan D. Pierce
Understanding Acoustics by Earl G. Williams
Handbook of Acoustics edited by Malcolm J. Crocker

Articles

Acoustic waves in solids by Brillouin (1931)
Ultrasonic transducers for nondestructive testing by Krautkramer and Krautkramer (1990)
Acoustic energy harvesting by Roundy et al. (2005)
Acoustic metamaterials by Liu et al. (2000)

Online Resources

The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) - https://www.acousticalsociety.org/
The Institute of Acoustics (IOA) - https://www.ioa.org.uk/
Hyperphysics: Sound Waves - http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/sound.html

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