General Technical Terms

Distributed

Distributed in Oil & Gas: A Breakdown of Allocation and Dissemination

The term "distributed" in the oil & gas industry carries a specific meaning, often referencing the allocation or dissemination of resources, information, or costs. It signifies a deliberate process of spreading elements across various entities, activities, or departments, ensuring a fair and transparent distribution.

Here's a breakdown of how "distributed" manifests in different oil & gas contexts:

1. Distributed Costs:

  • Project Overhead Costs: Distributed costs often refer to the allocation of allocable project overhead costs to individual activities or work packages. This ensures that each activity bears its fair share of the overall project overhead.
  • Operational Costs: Similarly, operational costs like maintenance, repairs, or utilities can be distributed to different production units, wells, or fields based on their usage or contribution to overall output.
  • Capital Expenditures: Large capital expenditures for equipment, infrastructure, or exploration activities can be distributed over the expected lifespan of the asset through depreciation or amortization.

2. Distributed Information:

  • Memos and Directives: Distributed information refers to the dissemination of memos, directives, or policies to relevant parties within the organization. This ensures everyone is informed and aligned on decisions, procedures, or changes.
  • Technical Reports and Data: Technical reports, geological surveys, or production data are often distributed to relevant departments, engineers, or project teams for analysis and decision-making.
  • Safety and Compliance Updates: Safety protocols, regulatory updates, or compliance requirements are distributed to all personnel involved to ensure adherence and maintain a safe and responsible work environment.

3. Distributed Operations:

  • Distributed Control Systems (DCS): In modern oil & gas facilities, distributed control systems handle the automation and monitoring of various processes and equipment across different locations. This allows for centralized control and optimization of complex operations.
  • Remote Sensing and Monitoring: Distributed technologies like remote sensing and data acquisition allow for real-time monitoring of wells, pipelines, and infrastructure, enabling proactive maintenance and improved decision-making.

Key Benefits of Distributed Practices:

  • Fairness and Transparency: Distributing costs, information, and resources ensures fairness and transparency in resource allocation and decision-making.
  • Improved Efficiency: By effectively distributing responsibilities, information, and data, companies can streamline operations and improve efficiency across the entire value chain.
  • Enhanced Collaboration: Distributed practices foster collaboration between different departments, teams, and personnel, facilitating knowledge sharing and improved decision-making.
  • Data-driven Insights: Distributing data and technical information allows for better data analysis and the development of data-driven insights, which can be used to optimize processes and improve profitability.

Conclusion:

The term "distributed" in oil & gas signifies a deliberate process of allocation, dissemination, and automation, enabling efficient operations, transparent resource management, and informed decision-making. By understanding the various aspects of distribution, companies can improve their overall efficiency, profitability, and safety within the challenging and competitive oil & gas industry.


Test Your Knowledge

Quiz: Distributed in Oil & Gas

Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.

1. What is the primary meaning of "distributed" in the oil & gas industry?

a) The location of oil and gas deposits. b) The allocation or dissemination of resources, information, or costs. c) The transportation of oil and gas products. d) The exploration and extraction of oil and gas.

Answer

b) The allocation or dissemination of resources, information, or costs.

2. Which of the following is NOT an example of distributed costs in oil & gas?

a) Allocating project overhead costs to different work packages. b) Distributing operational costs based on production unit usage. c) Distributing capital expenditures for equipment over its lifespan. d) Distributing bonuses to employees based on individual performance.

Answer

d) Distributing bonuses to employees based on individual performance.

3. How does distributed information contribute to improved efficiency in oil & gas operations?

a) By allowing for faster and more accurate communication between departments. b) By reducing the need for face-to-face meetings and discussions. c) By enabling centralized control over all operations. d) By eliminating the need for technical reports and data analysis.

Answer

a) By allowing for faster and more accurate communication between departments.

4. Which of the following is an example of distributed operations in oil & gas?

a) Using a single, centralized control system for all operations. b) Relying on manual labor for all tasks and processes. c) Utilizing remote sensing and data acquisition for real-time monitoring. d) Conducting all operations from a single location.

Answer

c) Utilizing remote sensing and data acquisition for real-time monitoring.

5. What is a key benefit of distributing costs, information, and resources in the oil & gas industry?

a) Increased profit margins. b) Reduced reliance on technology. c) Improved communication between employees and management. d) Fairness and transparency in resource allocation and decision-making.

Answer

d) Fairness and transparency in resource allocation and decision-making.

Exercise: Distributed Cost Allocation

Scenario:

An oil & gas company is developing a new offshore drilling platform. The project has a total estimated overhead cost of $10 million. This overhead cost includes items such as project management, engineering support, and safety training. The project is divided into four major work packages:

  • Work Package 1: Platform Design (25% of project effort)
  • Work Package 2: Platform Construction (40% of project effort)
  • Work Package 3: Installation and Commissioning (20% of project effort)
  • Work Package 4: Environmental Impact Assessment (15% of project effort)

Task:

Allocate the $10 million overhead cost to each work package based on the percentage of project effort dedicated to each.

Example: If Work Package 1 has 25% of the project effort, it should be allocated 25% of the overhead cost.

Exercise Correction:

Exercice Correction

* **Work Package 1: Platform Design (25%)** - $2.5 million (25% of $10 million) * **Work Package 2: Platform Construction (40%)** - $4 million (40% of $10 million) * **Work Package 3: Installation and Commissioning (20%)** - $2 million (20% of $10 million) * **Work Package 4: Environmental Impact Assessment (15%)** - $1.5 million (15% of $10 million)


Books

  • "Petroleum Engineering: Principles and Practices" by T.P. Caudle and M.M. Watts: Provides a comprehensive overview of oil & gas engineering principles, including cost allocation and resource management.
  • "The Business of Oil and Gas" by David L. Anderson and Stephen T. Salter: Explores the economic and financial aspects of the industry, including cost accounting, project budgeting, and profit sharing.
  • "Practical Petroleum Engineering: Applications of Technology" by M.P. Smith and W.R. Funk: Covers a range of engineering topics, including data analysis, process automation, and distributed control systems.
  • "The Digital Oilfield: The Future of Exploration and Production" by S.C. Hunter: Focuses on the role of technology in the industry, including data analytics, remote sensing, and distributed operations.

Articles

  • "Distributed Control Systems: A Comprehensive Overview" by J.G. Dorsey, Control Engineering magazine: Provides a detailed analysis of distributed control systems in industrial automation.
  • "The Benefits of Data-Driven Decision Making in the Oil & Gas Industry" by M.J. Smith, Oil & Gas Journal: Discusses the importance of data analysis and information sharing in improving operational efficiency and profitability.
  • "Remote Sensing and Monitoring in the Oil and Gas Industry" by A.R. Thomas, Petroleum Technology Quarterly: Explores the application of remote sensing technologies for infrastructure monitoring and asset management.
  • "Cost Allocation in Oil and Gas Projects: A Practical Guide" by D.M. Davis, Oilfield Review: Offers a detailed guide on allocating costs to different project activities and work packages.

Online Resources

  • Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE): SPE website offers a wealth of resources and publications related to oil & gas engineering, including research papers, technical reports, and industry trends. https://www.spe.org/
  • Oil & Gas Journal (OGJ): OGJ website provides news, analysis, and technical information about the oil & gas industry, covering various aspects from exploration to production and distribution. https://www.ogj.com/
  • The American Petroleum Institute (API): API website offers information on industry standards, regulations, and best practices for safety, environmental protection, and responsible operations. https://www.api.org/
  • International Energy Agency (IEA): IEA website provides insights into global energy trends, market analysis, and policy recommendations for the oil & gas industry. https://www.iea.org/

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