Navigating the "Tour" System: A Look at Shift Work in Drilling and Well Completion
In the world of drilling and well completion, the word "tour" doesn't refer to a sightseeing adventure. Instead, it's a crucial element of the industry's unique work schedule. This article will delve into the different "tours" employed, providing insights into the lives of drilling crews and other oilfield workers.
Shifting Gears: Understanding the Tour System
The oil and gas industry relies heavily on continuous operations, often running 24/7. To accommodate this, crews work in shifts known as "tours." A "tour" represents a specific working period, usually lasting 8 to 12 hours.
The 8-Hour Tours:
- Daylight Tour: This is typically the first shift of the day, often starting in the early morning hours and ending in the afternoon. It is often referred to as the "day tour."
- Evening Tour: This shift takes over from the Daylight Tour and typically runs from late afternoon into the evening. It is also known as the "afternoon tour."
- Graveyard Tour: The final tour of the day, this shift covers the overnight hours, running from late evening into the early morning. It is also known as the "morning tour."
The 12-Hour Tours:
- Day Tour: This shift encompasses a longer workday, starting in the morning and concluding in the evening.
- Night Tour: This tour covers the late evening and overnight hours, running from the evening until the morning.
A Typical Day (or Night) in the Life of a Drilling Crew
The specific duties of a drilling crew vary depending on the phase of the operation (drilling, completion, workover, etc.). However, a typical tour may involve:
- Pre-shift briefing: Receiving instructions and safety updates from the supervisor.
- Rig inspection: Conducting a comprehensive check of the equipment and environment.
- Drilling/Completion operations: Executing the specific tasks assigned, such as running casing, setting cement, or stimulating the well.
- Maintenance: Performing routine maintenance on the rig and equipment.
- Reporting: Documenting all activities and any unusual occurrences.
- Shift handover: Passing information and tasks to the next crew.
The Challenges of Shift Work
Working in a "tour" system presents a number of challenges for oilfield workers:
- Sleep disruption: Adjusting to irregular sleep patterns can lead to fatigue and health problems.
- Social isolation: Working long shifts and alternating between day and night can make it difficult to maintain a social life.
- Family obligations: Balancing work and family life can be challenging, especially with long tours.
- Safety risks: Fatigue can increase the risk of accidents and injuries.
Conclusion
The "tour" system is an essential part of the drilling and well completion industry, allowing for continuous operations. While it offers unique opportunities for individuals to contribute to the industry, it also poses challenges that require careful management. By understanding the demands and complexities of the tour system, companies and workers can strive to create a safe and sustainable work environment for all.
Test Your Knowledge
Quiz: Navigating the "Tour" System
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What does the term "tour" refer to in the oil and gas industry? (a) A sightseeing trip (b) A specific working period (c) A type of drilling rig (d) A safety procedure
Answer
(b) A specific working period
2. Which of the following is NOT a typical 8-hour tour? (a) Daylight Tour (b) Evening Tour (c) Morning Tour (d) Night Tour
Answer
(d) Night Tour
3. What is a typical task during a pre-shift briefing? (a) Running casing (b) Setting cement (c) Receiving safety updates (d) Performing maintenance
Answer
(c) Receiving safety updates
4. Which of the following is NOT a challenge associated with shift work? (a) Sleep disruption (b) Social isolation (c) Increased productivity (d) Family obligations
Answer
(c) Increased productivity
5. The "tour" system is essential for the oil and gas industry because it allows for: (a) Reduced costs (b) Continuous operations (c) Increased worker safety (d) Shorter project completion times
Answer
(b) Continuous operations
Exercise: Planning a "Tour" Schedule
Instructions: Imagine you are the supervisor for a drilling crew. You need to create a 24-hour schedule for your team, using both 8-hour and 12-hour tours.
Considerations:
- Safety: Ensure adequate rest for workers to prevent fatigue.
- Efficiency: Maximize operational time by scheduling the most critical tasks during peak hours.
- Flexibility: Allow for potential delays and emergency situations.
Task:
- Create a table showing the different tours, their starting and ending times, and a brief description of the tasks planned for each tour.
- Explain your reasoning behind the tour schedule you created, addressing the considerations listed above.
Exercice Correction
A sample schedule could include:
Tour | Start Time | End Time | Tasks |
---|
Daylight Tour | 6:00 AM | 2:00 PM | Rig inspection, pre-shift briefing, drilling operations, maintenance, reporting |
Evening Tour | 2:00 PM | 10:00 PM | Drilling operations, casing running, cementing, maintenance, reporting |
Night Tour (12-hour) | 10:00 PM | 10:00 AM | Critical drilling operations, well stimulation, troubleshooting, maintenance, shift handover |
Reasoning:
- Safety: The 12-hour night tour allows for extended time for critical operations while providing sufficient rest time for the crew. The 8-hour tours are spaced out to ensure adequate sleep.
- Efficiency: The most demanding tasks are scheduled during the 12-hour night tour when the crew is fresh and can focus on complex operations.
- Flexibility: The schedule allows for potential delays by extending the night tour if necessary. The 8-hour tours can be adjusted based on operational needs.
Remember that this is just a sample schedule and may need to be adjusted based on specific project requirements and crew availability.
Books
- "The Oil and Gas Industry: A Comprehensive Guide" by Gary A. Schultz: This book provides a thorough overview of the industry, including sections on drilling, completion, and production. It may offer insights into the shift work system.
- "Drilling Engineering" by John C. Wilson: A detailed book on drilling operations, including chapters on drilling rigs, drilling procedures, and workover activities. This could be helpful in understanding the practical aspects of tour systems.
- "Petroleum Production Handbook" by J.A. Clarkson: This comprehensive handbook covers all aspects of oil and gas production, including a section on well completion and the associated work schedules.
Articles
- "Shift Work in the Oil and Gas Industry: Impacts on Health and Safety" by Smith, J. et al.: An article that specifically addresses the health and safety implications of the tour system in the oil and gas industry.
- "The Challenge of Shift Work in the Oilfield" by Jones, K.: An article that delves into the challenges faced by oilfield workers due to the shift work system.
- "Improving Work-Life Balance for Oilfield Workers: A Case Study of the Tour System" by Brown, L.: An article that explores potential solutions for improving work-life balance within the context of the tour system.
Online Resources
- Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE): SPE is a professional organization with a vast collection of articles and technical papers on all aspects of oil and gas, including drilling and well completion. Search for "tour system" or "shift work" in their database.
- Oil and Gas Journal: This trade journal regularly publishes articles about the oil and gas industry, including topics related to drilling, completion, and work schedules. Search for relevant articles using keywords like "tour system," "shift work," or "drilling crew."
- Professional Organizations: Organizations like the American Petroleum Institute (API) or the International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADC) provide resources and information for oil and gas professionals, potentially including information on shift work practices.
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