Wash Over

c) To surround and capture the stuck pipe (fish) for removal.

c) The continuous circulation of drilling fluid.

b) Reverse circulation.

c) It minimizes the risk of damaging the stuck pipe.

b) The possibility of causing significant damage to the wellbore.

**Wash Over Operation Setup:** 1. **Equipment:** The crew will need the following: * A larger diameter "wash pipe" to surround the stuck pipe. * A specialized drilling fluid designed for effective wash over. * Pumps to circulate the drilling fluid. * Connections and fittings for attaching the wash pipe and drill string. * Monitoring equipment to track pressure and flow rates. 2. **Wash Pipe Installation:** * The wash pipe is positioned above the stuck point, creating a confined space around the "fish." This is often achieved by attaching the wash pipe to the drill string above the stuck point, creating a concentric arrangement. 3. **Circulation Methods:** * **Normal Circulation:** * Fluid is pumped down the drill string, exiting through the stuck pipe and then up the wash pipe. This method works best for shallow stuck points where the drill string is still connected to the surface. * The flow of fluid acts to wash away debris around the stuck pipe, potentially freeing it. * **Reverse Circulation:** * Fluid is pumped down the wash pipe, flowing past the stuck point and then up the drill string. This method is favored for deeper stuck points where normal circulation might be ineffective. * The fluid flowing up the drill string helps to clear debris and provide a path for the pipe to move. 4. **Considerations for Circulation Method:** * The depth of the stuck point is a primary factor. For shallow points, normal circulation is suitable. For deeper points, reverse circulation is often the better option. * The type of debris obstructing the pipe can also influence the choice. Some debris may respond better to the pressure and direction of fluid in one method over another. **Execution:** * After installing the wash pipe and connecting the necessary pumps, the drilling fluid is circulated. * The flow rate and pressure are carefully monitored to ensure efficient debris removal and a safe operation. * The crew will continue to circulate the fluid until the stuck pipe is freed. **Important Notes:** * Proper planning and preparation are crucial for success. * The crew must have a good understanding of wash over procedures and the specific challenges associated with the well conditions. * Safety precautions must be strictly followed throughout the operation. * The environmental impact of the operation should be carefully considered, and appropriate fluid disposal methods should be implemented.