SWD

(b) Salt Water Disposal

(d) Regulating the production of oil and gas

(d) Oil and Gas Extraction

(c) Both (a) and (b)

(c) Salt Water Disposal

This exercise encourages research and critical thinking. There's no single "right" answer, as the best SWD solution will depend on the specific details of the manufacturing plant. **Here's a possible approach:** **1. Research Different SWD Methods:** * **Landfilling:** While common, it has environmental concerns due to leachate and greenhouse gas emissions. * **Incineration:** Can be energy-efficient but releases air pollutants and may not be suitable for all waste types. * **Recycling:** Highly desirable, but requires sorting and processing facilities. * **Composting:** Suitable for organic waste, reduces landfill volume and can create useful soil amendments. * **Waste-to-Energy:** Involves converting waste into energy, but can be expensive and may have emissions concerns. **2. Consider Waste Types:** * **Plastic:** Can be recycled or incinerated (depending on type and availability of recycling facilities). * **Metal:** Typically recyclable. * **Paper:** Readily recyclable. **3. Recommended SWD Approach:** **Example Recommendation:** * **Prioritize Recycling:** Implement a comprehensive recycling program with proper sorting and collection points. * **Composting:** For organic waste, set up a composting system to reduce landfill volume and create valuable compost. * **Landfilling:** Use landfilling as a last resort for waste that cannot be recycled or composted. **Justification:** * **Environmental Impact:** Recycling and composting minimize landfill reliance and promote resource conservation. * **Cost:** While initial investments may be needed (e.g., for sorting equipment), recycling and composting can save on landfill fees in the long run. * **Efficiency:** Properly implemented recycling and composting programs can greatly reduce waste volume. **Implementation Steps:** * Train employees on waste sorting and recycling procedures. * Establish partnerships with recycling and composting facilities. * Monitor waste disposal and recycling rates. **Potential Challenges:** * **Cost of infrastructure and equipment** * **Finding reliable recycling and composting partners** * **Ensuring consistent employee participation in waste sorting** **Waste Reduction:** * Implement a "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" policy. * Encourage sustainable packaging choices. * Conduct audits to identify and minimize waste generation points. **Remember, the specific SWD solution will depend on the company's specific circumstances. This example is a starting point for a detailed analysis.**