حفر الأنابيب الملفوفة (CTD) هي تقنية حفر متخصصة تستخدم طولًا مستمرًا من الأنابيب الملفوفة كسلسلة الحفر الأساسية. يتم وضع هذه الأنابيب المرنة، المصنوعة عادة من الفولاذ عالي القوة، على بكرة كبيرة وإدخالها في بئر البئر عند الحاجة. يتم تشغيل عملية الحفر بواسطة محرك طين أو، بشكل أقل شيوعًا، محرك كهربائي، والذي يدير رأس الحفر في نهاية الأنابيب الملفوفة.
الخصائص الرئيسية لحفر الأنابيب الملفوفة:
مزايا حفر الأنابيب الملفوفة:
تطبيقات حفر الأنابيب الملفوفة:
تحديات حفر الأنابيب الملفوفة:
الاستنتاج:
يوفر حفر الأنابيب الملفوفة نهجًا فريدًا ومرنًا لتطوير بئر البئر، مما يوفر مزايا كبيرة في تطبيقات محددة. قدرتها على التنقل عبر هندسة بئر البئر الصعبة، وتحسين تحفيز التكوين، وإجراء مجموعة متنوعة من العمليات تجعلها أداة مهمة لصناعة النفط والغاز. على الرغم من وجود تحديات، فإن التطورات التكنولوجية المستمرة تستمر في توسيع نطاق قدرات CTD، مما يضمن استمرار أهميتها في مستقبل عمليات الحفر.
Instructions: Choose the best answer for each question.
1. What is the primary advantage of using coiled tubing in drilling operations?
a) It's cheaper than traditional drill pipe. b) It can drill deeper wells than traditional drill pipe. c) It offers flexibility to navigate complex wellbore geometries. d) It's more efficient for drilling horizontal wells.
c) It offers flexibility to navigate complex wellbore geometries.
2. Which of the following drilling techniques is often employed with coiled tubing drilling?
a) Balanced drilling b) Underbalanced drilling c) Overbalanced drilling d) Horizontal drilling
b) Underbalanced drilling
3. What is a key benefit of using underbalanced drilling in CTD?
a) It reduces the risk of wellbore collapse. b) It helps to improve formation stimulation. c) It minimizes the need for wellbore cementing. d) It increases drilling speed.
b) It helps to improve formation stimulation.
4. Which of the following is NOT a typical application of coiled tubing drilling?
a) Sidetracking b) Re-entry c) Well stimulation d) Deepwater drilling
d) Deepwater drilling
5. What is a major challenge associated with coiled tubing drilling?
a) The inability to drill horizontal wells b) The high cost of coiled tubing c) Maintaining good hole cleaning d) The risk of wellbore instability
c) Maintaining good hole cleaning
Scenario: You are working on a project to re-enter an abandoned well using coiled tubing drilling. The well has been plugged for 10 years and is expected to have significant build-up of debris. You need to design a plan for re-entry and wellbore clean-up using CTD.
Tasks:
**1. Challenges:** * **Debris removal:** The wellbore may be filled with debris, including scale, sand, and potentially even cement. Removing these blockages will require specialized tools and techniques. * **Corrosion:** The wellbore may have corroded due to inactivity, leading to potential wellbore instability and collapse. * **Wellbore Integrity:** The condition of the wellbore casing, tubing, and other components may be compromised, requiring careful inspection and potential repairs. **2. CTD Techniques and Tools:** * **Jetting:** Using high-pressure fluid jets to dislodge and remove debris. * **Mechanical Milling:** Employing specialized cutters or milling tools to break up and remove debris. * **Swabbing:** Using specialized tools to lift and remove debris from the wellbore. * **Wireline Logging:** Performing logging runs to assess the wellbore condition and identify the location of debris. * **Wellbore Cleaning Fluid:** Using specialized fluids to help dislodge and remove debris, while also minimizing potential corrosion and wellbore damage. **3. Step-by-Step Procedure:** 1. **Initial Assessment:** Conduct a thorough inspection and evaluation of the abandoned well using available data and logs. 2. **Wellbore Integrity Check:** Run a wireline logging tool to assess the condition of the casing and tubing, identify potential blockages, and evaluate the wellbore integrity. 3. **Re-entry Operation:** Deploy the coiled tubing unit and carefully re-enter the wellbore. 4. **Debris Removal:** Utilize a combination of jetting, milling, and swabbing techniques to remove the debris from the wellbore. 5. **Fluid Circulation:** Circulate cleaning fluids through the wellbore to remove any remaining debris and ensure good wellbore cleaning. 6. **Wellbore Integrity Verification:** Repeat wireline logging runs to confirm the effectiveness of the cleaning operation and verify the wellbore integrity. 7. **Completion and Production:** Once the wellbore is cleaned and the wellbore integrity is confirmed, proceed with the desired completion operation and production activities.
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